Saturday, May 30, 2009


Intel Celeron 266

266 MHz
No L2 cache
Single Edge Processor package (slot 1)

Engineering sample
Front view
Image reduced 2x times

Celeron 266 based on Covington core was the first processor from Celeron series. While this processor had poor performance due to lack of L2 cache, it was very popular because with its low price and very high overclockability the CPU had very good price/performance ratio. Many Celerons 266 could be easily overclocked to 400 MHz by changing bus frequency from 66 MHz to 100 MHz. Even if the microprocessor wasn't running stable at 400 MHz, it was still possible to run it at 333 MHz by changing bus frequency to 83 MHz.

AMD K5 PR200 - AMD-K5-PR200ABX


AMD K5 PR200 - AMD-K5-PR200ABX


200 MHz Rating, 133 MHz Real
296-pin ceramic staggered PGA with gold-plated heatspreader

K5 200 MHz version was not officially announced by AMD, probably because this processor was released at about the same time as K6 processors. This CPU runs internally at 133 MHz and has integer performance on par with Pentium 200 processor.

AMD K5 PR120 - AMD-K5-PR120ABQ


AMD K5 PR120 - AMD-K5-PR120ABQ

120 MHz Rating, 90 MHz Real
296-pin ceramic staggered PGA with gold-plated heatspreader

This is the first K5 processor that internally ran at slower speed than its rated speed. With 90 MHz internal speed, this processor slightly outperformed Pentium 120 in integer applications. Unfortunately, floating point performance of PR120 was significantly slower than the Pentium 120.

ADM Pentium Processor


AMD K5 75 - AMD-SSA/5-75ABR

75 MHz
296-pin ceramic staggered PGA

Friday, May 29, 2009

Intel Embedded Pentium MMX 266


266 MHz

Embedded Pentium 266 was packaged in plastic ball grid array package called HL-PBGA. This CPU was made on 0.25 micron technology, and with just 2.0V core voltage and 2.5V I/O voltage, it typically used less power than Pentium non-MXX 120 MHz, and had maximum power consumption on a par with Pentium non-MMX 75 MHz.

Intel Mobile Pentium MMX 120


120 MHz

TT80503120 is the slowest Pentium MMX processor ever produced by Intel. This processor was only manufactured in Tape Carrier Package (TCP) and used in mobile applications. The CPUs in this package type had to be soldered, and to simplify laptop part manufacturing and replacement the microprocessors were usually mounted on separate CPU boards, There were a few different types of CPU boards for laptops, and one board type was simply a socket 7-compatible PGA adapter with soldered microprocessor.

Intel Pentium MMX overdrive 180


180 MHz
320-pin staggered ceramic PGA

Overdrive MMX processor for Pentium 75, 90, 100 and 150 CPUs

Pentium MMX and non-MMX overdrive processors look somewhat similar to boxed Pentium processors. Like the boxed processors, the overdrives have processor markings on the heatsink. Unlike the boxed processor, the overdrive CPUs have speed marked in the top right corner. The overdrives also include integrated voltage regulator, which allows the microprocessor to work in socket 5 motherboards. And finally, the overdrive processor have their clock multiplier locked. For PODPMT60X180 the clock multiplier is locked at 3x, so depending on bus speed (50 or 60 MHz) the processor will run on 150 or 180 MHz.

Intel Pentium MMX 200


200 MHz
296-pin ceramic staggered PGA

Top view

Boxed version of Pentium MMX processor. These processors were sold with integrated heatsink and fan, which, coupled with Zero-Insertion Force (ZIF) sockets, made processor upgrade much easier. Markings on these CPUs were on the heatsink below the fan, under normal conditions (with fan installed) the markings are not visible. But even then it's still possible to tell the processor speed by looking in the left-lower corner of the CPU - the number in this corner is the speed of the microprocessor in megahertz.

Intel Pentium 60 - A80501-60



60 MHz
273-pin ceramic Pin Grid Array

Pentium 60 MHz microprocessor was the first from Pentium series, and it was the slowest one. The CPU was shipped in pin grid array package similar to 80486 - the CPU bottom side looked like a bigger version of 80486. Like older 80486 processors, the Pentium 60 required 5 Volt. High core voltage and big die size were the primary reasons of the processor running very hot even with factory supplied heatsink. Short term fix for this problem was adding an integrated heatspreader that helped to dissipate the heat (see other pictures). The heat problem was solved in the next generation of Pentium chips by switching from 0.8 micron to 0.6 micron manufacturing process, and reducing core voltage to 3.3 Volt.

Intel-DX4OD PR100


100 MHz
168-pin ceramic PGA

Intel-DX2ODP66

66 MHz
169-pin ceramic PGA

Intel 80P23T-25


50 MHz
169-pin ceramic PGA

Engineering sample

Intel D 4004


740 KHz
16-pin ceramic DIP

4004 microprocessors in plastic and ceramic (not white ceramic) packages were introduced around 1976. This ceramic 4004 is dated 45th week of 1976.

First MicroProcessor By Intel

740 KHz
16-pin ceramic DIP

4004 (C4004) processors in white ceramic package were produced until the second half of 1976. This particular processor is dated 8th week of 1975. Today the C4004 with visible traces (like the one on the picture) is the most rare and expensive version of Intel 4004.